A Citizen’s Guide to Time-of-Use (TOU) Rates: A National Advisory

National Electricity Delivery Forum

September 9, 2025

Published by the National Electricity Delivery Forum

Introduction: A Mandate for a Smarter Grid

The United States electrical grid is undergoing the most significant transformation in its history. The rapid adoption of electric vehicles, rooftop solar, and electric heat pumps presents both a monumental challenge and an unprecedented opportunity. A common concern among citizens and policymakers is whether our existing infrastructure can handle this new, dynamic load.

The answer is yes, but it requires a more intelligent approach to energy consumption.

This document serves as a public advisory on the single most powerful tool available to both utilities and consumers for ensuring grid stability and reducing energy costs: Time-of-Use (TOU) rate plans.

This advisory includes the National Rate & Demand Simulator, an interactive tool designed to provide citizens with a clear, data-driven analysis of how their energy usage aligns with grid needs and the potential financial benefits of adopting a TOU rate structure.

The National Rate & Demand Simulator

This tool provides a simulation of your household’s electricity costs under both a standard “flat-rate” plan and a typical “Time-of-Use” plan, based on average utility data for your state. It is designed to provide a clear forecast of potential savings and identify your optimal energy usage window.

National Rate & Demand Simulator

National Rate & Demand Simulator

Your Personalized Energy Advisory

Typical 24-Hour Electricity Cost Curve

Midnight
4 AM
8 AM
Noon
4-9 PM
10 PM

Simulated Cost Analysis:

Optimal Charging Window Advisory:

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